Effective communication takes place when there is a clear understanding of what is being said or conveyed. This would be a mutual understanding between both parties. This would be the speaker having an understanding of what he is talking about and the listener having the ability to understand what is being said. If one party member does not understand the topic the effectiveness of the conversation has been lost. In order to become well accustomed to providing effective communication practice and research on your topic is needed.
It is my experience that effectiveness is the basis of all of these goals... I don't think there is a way to learn these goals without first having effective communication. How would it be possible to learn much if you don't understand what is being said or what it is you should be doing. This I get sometime but I have learned to just do what I believe is the right thing to do.
Effective communication can help everyone get along and lean on the same level but there are obstacles at times such as language and cultural barriers. With effective communication other things come easier to you such as a job interview. If you feel more comfortable in that kind of situation and you are an effective communicator you are more likely to get the job. The same goes for those who want to be politicians and such. When effective communication is obtained and implemented you are more able to get down to the point without having to add garble in the middle to fatten it up.
So effective communication is to be able to speak and listen without and imparities due to lack of conveyance.